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Anatomy and Function
This section deals with the basic anatomy and
function of the female and male reproductive systems.
In females, sex cells (or ova) are produced by the ovaries, which
are the essential sex organs in the female. The ova are transported
and protected once they leave the ovaries by the accessory
structures, which also serve to nourish and protect the embryo
should fertilisation occur.
With the exception of the breasts and vulva, all female
reproductive structures are located internally within the pelvic
cavity. The structure of the female reproductive system is shown in
the figure below.
The testes are the essential sex organs (gonads) in the male that
serve to produce the male gametes (sperm) and the male sex hormone
testosterone. The accessory male reproductive structures aid in the
maturation, nourishment and transport of the sperm through the male
reproductive system and into the female’s body for fertilisation.
Unlike the female reproductive structures that are located within
the pelvic cavity, the male reproductive organs lie outside the
abdomen. The male reproductive structures and their locations are
shown in the figure.
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